Incidence and Outcomes of Community Acquired Pneumonia in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh

Abstract

Aims: The aim of the study was to estimate the incidence of Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Study Design:  A retrospective cohort study. Place and Duration of Study: King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh between January 2016 to March 2018. Methodology: From the medical file, we identified patients with COPD diagnosis who admitted to the hospital. Then we identified the patient who develop CAP after the diagnosis date of the COPD. Other variables such as demographic factors, clinical outcome, comorbidity disease, length of stay in the hospital, and mortality were identified for each patient using their electronic medical file. Results: Out of 363 COPD patients, 122 (33%) had developed CAP after the date of COPD diagnosis.  Based on patient characteristics, the mean age of them was 75.39 years SD was 9.76 and 65% of the patients were female. The available evidence indicates that the mortality rate was n=22 (18.0%). Among those patient, 33 patients were admitted to ICU (27.0%) the rest of patients either wards n= 59 (48.4%) or both n=28 (23.0%). Among our study population, 97.4% had hypertension, 88.6% of the patients had diabetes, and 28.9% had renal failure.  Majority of the study population have been placed on non-invasive ventilation n=94 (77.0%). Conclusion: This study has been shown that COPD patients had increased risk of CAP. Patients who have multiple comorbidity diseases and got CAP with COPD have a higher risk of morbidities and mortality rate, especially elderly patients.Mention the design of the study here.