In Hospital Mortality and Adverse Events in High-risk Patients Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for St Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Abstract

Objective: To determine frequency of in hospital mortality and adverse events in high-risk patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI). Study Design: Descriptive case series study Setting: The Department of Adult Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi. Duration: From 5thJanuary 2019 To 4thJuly 2019 Material and Methods: All the patients of acute myocardial infarction (MI), age between18 to 80 years, and undergoing Primary PCI of either gender were included. Study outcomes such as in-hospital mortality, cardiogenic shock, heart failure, no reflow phenomenon, and ventricular arrhythmia were recorded. Data was collected via study proforma and analysis was done by using SPSS version 26. Results: There were 81.9% males and 18.1% females. 16.7% cases diabetic, 42.7% were hypertensive, 38% with family history, 24.7% with smoking and 74% with obesity. Mortality was 14.7%, cardiogenic shock was 12.0%, heart failure was 18.7%, no reflow phenomenon was 28% and ventricular arrhythmia was 16%. Significant association of mortality was found with age and obesity. Cardiogenic shock and ventricular arrhythmia were significant according to gender and heart failure findings were significantly linked to hypertension (p-<0.05). Conclusion: Mortality rate was high among STEMI patients who underwent primary PCI. No reflow phenomenon was the most observed event among these patients.