Impacts of Climate Change on Nigeria’s Blue Economy: A Review of Vulnerability and Resilience

Abstract

This study assessed the vulnerability and resilience of Nigeria blue economy threatened by climate change. Nigeria's blue economy include industries like seafood processing and marine biotechnology as well as activities directly associated to the country's coastline and marine resources, including offshore oil and gas, fishing, shipping, tourism, and ocean energy which account for >60% of maritime GDP. The paper notes that Nigeria's blue economy goal aligns with international aspirations, for instance, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 14) promotes sustainable utilization and conservation of marine resources. The paper discusses the resilience strategies employed to mitigate climate change such as limiting greenhouse gas emissions, sustainable fisheries management practices, conservation and restoration of coastal ecosystems, investing in research and monitoring programs. Nigeria's legal framework for marine governance, which contains rules intended to strengthen its commitment to responsible maritime practices, is also highlighted in the study. The paper concludes by emphasizing the necessity of government action, resource distribution for sustainable blue projects, and innovative policymaking that reflects the values of fair access, economic growth, and environmental protection.