Impact of Combinations of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Soil Health and Yield of Rice: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

As a cereal grain, rice is the staple diet of more than half of the world's population, especially in Asia and Africa. The grass species oryza sativa, also known as Asian rice, and, less frequently, oryza glaberrima, sometimes known as African rice, are the seeds of rice. African rice was domesticated in Africa approximately 3,000 years ago, while Asian rice was domesticated in China between 13,500 and 8,200 years ago. A staple in many cultures around the world, rice ranked fourth in terms of production in 2021 (787 million tons), behind wheat, maize, and sugarcane. The amount of rice traded worldwide is only about 8 percent. The three countries that consume the most rice are China, India, and Indonesia. Various rice cultivars have been developed to increase crop yield and quality. Green Revolution rice, made possible by biotechnology, can yield large amounts of grain when given nitrogen fertilizer and carefully tended. Additional products include flood-tolerant or deep-water rice, drought-tolerant and salt-tolerant rice, and rice that may express human proteins for therapeutic purposes. In biology, rice is utilized as a model organism.