Imbalance of Serum Estrogen and Progesterone Concentrations in Puberty Age Girls Suffering from Sickle Cell Anemia in Tribal Population in India

Abstract

About 7% of the world’s population is carriers of some form of haemoglobin disorder. There are about 270 million carriers of sickle cell anemia and/or thalassemia. The level of ovarian steroids (Estradiol and progesterone) alters in puberty age girls suffering from sickle cell anemia which causes complications such as hypogonadism which includes amenorrhea or delayed menarche etc. Enzyme linked immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method was used to estimate the level of hormones. From the result the level of hormones showed a significant difference (P<0.01) in the three human haemoglobin electrophoretic patterns. Estradiol and progesterone level were found to be markedly decreased in sickle cell diseased person (SS) as compared with sickle cell trait (AS)  as well as with normal individuals (AA). There is no significant difference between mean age of menarche and hormonal level in sickle cell trait (AS) and normal individuals (AA), supporting the fact that the sickle cell trait lead normal life and seldom require treatment for their genetic condition By determining the level of these hormones in sickle cell patients we can avoid many complications associated with the Sickle cell disease (SCD) thus present study will help in prognosis of the disease in tribal individuals.