Burden of Micronutrient Deficiencies by Socio-economic Strata in Children aged 6 Months to 5 years in the Philippines
Simon Wieser, Rafael Plessow, Klaus Eichler, Olivia Malek, Mario V. Capanzana, Imelda Adgeppa, Urs Bruegger
European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety · pp. 434–435 · Published 14 Aug 2015
10.9734/EJNFS/2015/20897Abstract
Objectives: Micronutrient deficiencies (MNDs) have severe health consequences and are particularly harmful during early childhood. We estimate the burden of iron deficiency (IDA), vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and zinc deficiency (ZnD) in 2 age groups (6-23 and 24-59 months) of Filipino children by socio-economic strata in 2008. Methods: We build a health economic model simulating the consequences of MNDs in childhood over the entire lifetime. The model is based on a health survey and a nutrition survey carried out in 2008. Direct medical costs, production losses and intangible costs are computed and long term costs are discounted to present value. Results: Total lifetime costs of IDA, VAD and ZnD amounted to direct medical costs of 30 million dollars, production losses of 618 million dollars and intangible costs of 122,138 disability adjusted life years (DALYs). Direct medical costs are dominated by costs due to ZnD (89% of total), production losses by losses in future lifetime (90% of total) and intangible costs by premature death (47% of total DALY losses) and losses in future lifetime (43%). Costs of MNDs differ considerably between socio-economic strata (SES) as costs in the poorest third of the households are 5 times higher than in the wealthiest third. Conclusions: MNDs lead to substantial costs in 6-59-month-old children in the Philippines. Costs are highly concentrated in the lower SES and in children 6-23 months old. These results may have important implications for the design, evaluation and choice of the most effective and cost-effective policies aimed at the reduction of MNDs.
Cited by 20
Ataklti Gebretsadik Woldegebriel, Abraham Aregay Desta, Gebremedhin Gebreegziabiher · International Journal of Pediatrics · 2020
Simon Wieser, Christina Tzogiou · Sustainable Nutrition in a Changing World · 2017
Rosa María Wong-Chew, Thi Viet Ha Nguyen, Jossie M. Rogacion · Nutrients · 2024
Delia Akosua Bandoh, Ernest Kenu · BMC Nutrition · 2017
Patrick Detzel, Simon Wieser · Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism · 2015
Jörg Spieldenner · World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2016
Ian Darnton-Hill · Food Fortification in a Globalized World · 2018
Lindiwe M. Sibanda, Sithembile N. Mwamakamba · Sustainability · 2021
Ian Darnton-Hill · Current Developments in Nutrition · 2019
Simon Wieser, Beatrice Brunner, Christina Tzogiou · Food and Nutrition Bulletin · 2017
Article metrics
Real usage data collected on this platform.
0
Page views
0
PDF downloads
0
Outbound clicks
20
Citations
Views by country
Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".
No views recorded yet.
Traffic sources
Referring site, by host.
No traffic recorded yet.
Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.