Ichthyofaunal Diversity and Ecological Status of Gose Khurd Reservoir, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

The Gose Khurd Reservoir on the Wainganga River is one of central India’s largest irrigation projects and holds significant potential for inland fisheries and livelihood support. Earlier studies (2013–2015) recorded 54 fish species, whereas a recent survey (2024) documented 75 species across 12 orders and 21 families, indicating increased diversity possibly due to improved sampling or ecological changes. Biodiversity indices (Shannon–Wiener index: 2.849) suggest a moderately stable and productive ecosystem, with Cyprinidae as the dominant family. Spatial variation in species composition was observed, influenced by hydrological and habitat factors. The fish assemblage was dominated by a few species, namely Salmostoma bacaila, Ambassis nama, Salmostoma boopis, Osteobrama vigorsii, and Clupisoma bastari, contributing over 70% of the total catch. Native species predominated, with minimal exotic intrusion, indicating relatively intact ecological conditions. However, the low occurrence of large-bodied economically important species such as Ompok bimaculatus, Wallago attu, and Sperata seenghala raises conservation concerns. Overall, the study highlights the reservoir’s rich biodiversity and fisheries potential, emphasizing the need for sustainable management through regulated fishing, habitat restoration, stock enhancement, and long-term monitoring.