The Exclusive Breastfeeding Knowledge and Practice of Formal Sector Mothers at Tema General Hospital, Ghana

Abstract

Breast milk is the most complete and natural source of nutrients, and breastfeeding is crucial to an infant’s healthy growth, immunity, and development. Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first 6 months of life because it provides substantial health benefits to both mothers and infants. Despite these recommendations, maintaining exclusive breastfeeding can be difficult, particularly for working mothers. This study examined exclusive breastfeeding knowledge and practices among working mothers receiving care at Tema General Hospital. A quantitative approach and a descriptive cross-sectional design were employed. Participants were selected using a probability sampling technique, and data were collected using structured questionnaires. The results showed that 89% of respondents were aware of exclusive breastfeeding. Seventy-four per cent were aware of the recommended duration of exclusive breastfeeding; among these respondents, 58.1% correctly identified 6 months. While 53% reported that prelacteal feeds were unnecessary, 62% agreed that exclusive breastfeeding protects infants from illnesses. However, 67% indicated that work obligations hindered their ability to practise exclusive breastfeeding regularly. Although overall awareness and understanding of exclusive breastfeeding were high, translating this knowledge into practice remained difficult. Inadequate breastfeeding facilities, work-related stress, and limited family support were the main barriers. The study highlights the need for workplace initiatives, including supportive policies and designated lactation rooms, to help working mothers maintain exclusive breastfeeding effectively.