Bioactive Constituents and Biochemical Assessment of Argemone mexicanna linn and Utrica dioca Leaf Extracts in Albino Rat Model

Abstract

Utrica dioca (stinging nettle) and Argemone mexicanna linn are medicinal plants used in most part of Nigeria in treatment of diseases. The present work evaluated bioactive constituents and biochemical effect of Argemone mexicanna linn and Utrica dioca extracts using male albino rat model. A total of eighteen male albino rats were used for the study. Group I served as control, Group II received 300mg/kg of Utrica dioca while Group III received 300mg/kg body weight of Argemone mexicanna linn. Preliminary phytochemical study showed the strong presence of flavoniod, tannin, saponin, alkaloid, cyanogenic glycoside and oxalate while the quantitative phytochemical and vitamin results showed high amount of these active compounds. Biochemical results from this study showed very low hepatotoxic and renal toxicity profile while the lipid profile indicates hypocholestrolemia potentials of the plants. This study suggest that even though there was low observed toxic response from intake of Utrica dioca (stinging nettle ) and Argemone mexicanna linn, proper care should be taken regarding the dose used for medicinal purposes as continuous usage at high quantity may predispose the human health.