Determinants of Low Productivity in Improved Crossbred Chickens: A Case Study from Korogwe District of the Tanga Region in Tanzania

Abstract

This study investigated the factors limiting the productivity of improved crossbred chickens in Magunga Ward, Korogwe Town Council, Tanzania. Poultry farming plays significant role in Tanzania's economy, and 96% of chickens are indigenous eco-types raised in smallholder systems, primarily contributed by rural areas. Despite the sector's potential to significantly boost GDP and reduce the meat deficit, as highlighted by the Tanzania Livestock Master Plan (TLMP) and the Agricultural Sector Development Program Phase II (ASDP II), mere challenges persist. These include limited access to quality feed, veterinary services, diseases prevalent (Newcastle and Gumboro), inadequate knowledge, technical support, and insufficient capital. The study employed a cross-sectional survey design, randomly sampling 40 poultry farmers (70% female) in Magunga Ward. Data was analyzed using SPSS revealed that low production is primarily attributed to diseases (37.5%), inadequate farmer knowledge (30%), poor management (25%), and substandard housing (7.5%). High feed costs (52.5%) and lack of capital (32.5%) further constrained the productivity. While farmers perceive improved crossbred chickens positively, these findings underscore the need for comprehensive interventions focusing on disease control, improved farmer training, enhanced infrastructure, and increased access to resources to boost productivity and improve livelihoods in Magunga Ward.