Hepatic Hydatidosis Management

Abstract

Hydatid cyst disease is a tapeworm infection caused by the larvae of echinococcus granulosus, spread through contaminated water and food. Hepatic hydatid cysts have different clinical manifestations. The investigations include X-rays, ultrasonography, computerized tomography, magnetic resonance, and ERCP used to detect deep lesions in all the organs and extent and status of avascular fluid-filled cysts. An antibody test is done to confirm x-ray findings. The drug Albendazole influences medical treatment. Albendazole chemotherapy proved to be an effective therapy preferred in the medical care of cystic echinococcosis. Radical hepatic hydatid cysts surgery refers to peri-cystectomy, and Conservative surgery removes the cystic contents, sterilizes the cavity, and resects the part of the cyst. Laparoscopic surgery offers the advantages of a short hospital stay, less wound infection incidence rate, and minimal post-operative pain. Percutaneous aspiration injection re-aspiration is suitable in patients who are not fit for surgery or are not ready for the surgery and have multiple cysts in the liver. The conclusion of this review article is compared to open surgery for hepatic hydatid cysts; we have shown that laparoscopic surgery can be performed safely even with multiple cysts, large cysts, and bile duct cysts.