Growth Performance and Water Quality Dynamics of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) under a Fabricated Three-Tier Perforated Sheet Aerator System

Abstract

Aims: This study was designed to explore how a newly fabricated three-tier perforated sheet aerator could enhance the growth of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) and maintain better water quality during culture. Study Design: A comparative experimental approach was followed to evaluate differences between aerated culture systems and traditional non-aerated systems. Place and Duration of Study: The work was carried out at the Research and Instructional Fish Farm, College of Fisheries, Mangaluru, using six cement ponds over a complete culture period. Methodology: A total of 300 fingerlings were stocked uniformly across six ponds (50 fish per pond). The aerator was operated for 3 hours daily to increase oxygen exposure during water circulation. Fish growth was monitored every two weeks by measuring length and weight, while major water quality parameters such as dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature, nitrogenous compounds, alkalinity, and hardness were evaluated following standard procedures. Data were statistically analyzed using an independent t-test at p < 0.05. Results: Fish in aerated ponds showed noticeably better performance with higher weight gain (61.77 ± 0.54 g), faster growth rates (SGR: 1.94 ± 0.03%/day; ADG: 0.46 ± 0.02 g/day), improved feed efficiency (FCR: 2.02), and slightly higher survival (87.50%) compared to the control group. Dissolved oxygen increased significantly under aeration (8.74 ± 1.06 mg/L; p = 0.000), along with improvements in nitrite, nitrate, and alkalinity levels. Conclusion: The results clearly indicate that this aerator model can strengthen fish growth and overall pond health, offering a simple and economical tool for sustainable aquaculture development.