Grid Integration of Renewable Energy for Reliable and Efficient Power Supply in Nigeria

Abstract

This research investigates the integration of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind into Nigeria’s power grid. The main objective is to develop a simulation model that examines how renewable energy systems affect power reliability and supply efficiency under different load and generation conditions using MATLAB. The simulation setup includes solar photovoltaic arrays and wind turbines connected to the grid through inverter systems and controlled using standard power system techniques. Changes in solar radiation and wind speed are introduced during the simulation to reflect real-life variations in renewable energy generation. The results show that, despite their variable nature, solar and wind systems can support the grid effectively when combined with proper control, forecasting, and storage technologies. The study demonstrates that integrating renewable energy into the grid can reduce power shortages, improve electricity access, support a more stable and reliable power supply as well as contribute to sustainable development goals by promoting the use of renewable energy in Nigeria.