Geriatric Medication Safety in India: A Review of Potentially Inappropriate Medications Using the Beers Criteria

Abstract

Background: The geriatric population, defined as individuals aged 65 years and above, is rapidly increasing and presents unique healthcare challenges. It is categorized into young-old (65–74 years), middle-old (75–84 years), and old-old (≥85 years) based on functional and physiological differences. The high prevalence of chronic diseases in this group often leads to polypharmacy, increasing the risk of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs), which may result in adverse outcomes, hospitalizations, and reduced quality of life. Objective: The study aims to promote rational prescribing practices and improve medication safety among the elderly population in India and to analyze the risks associated with the PIMs use among geriatrics. Results: The use of screening tools such as the Beers Criteria and STOPP/START criteria has been widely recognized in identifying PIMs in older adults. Regular prescription review and continuous monitoring were found to be effective strategies in minimizing inappropriate medication use and associated risks. Conclusion: Identifying and reducing PIMs through validated screening tools and regular medication review is essential to enhance therapeutic outcomes and improve the overall quality of life in the geriatric population.