Unlocking Nature’s Genetic Secret: The Power of DNA Barcoding to Identify Mislabeled Fish Species of Upper Lake of Bhopal, India

Abstract

Fish comprise slightly more than half of all vertebrates, with India accounting for 7.7% of the world’s fish variety. Because of their great diversity and phenotypic flexibility, it can occasionally be challenging to identify them only based on morphological features in their various developmental phases. DNA barcoding has emerged as a transformative tool in biological research, revolutionizing how we identify and classify species. Morphometric analysis and DNA Barcoding are being used together to identify mislabeled fish species in order to overcome challenges with fish taxonomy. This review explores the profound impact of DNA Barcoding in elucidating the biodiversity of Upper Lake, Bhopal (M.P), and addressing challenges of misrepresentation and ambiguity in species classification. By employing short, standardized DNA sequences from specific gene regions as molecular barcodes, DNA barcoding offers rapid, accurate, and objective species identification transcending the limitations of traditional morphological methods. From biodiversity discovery and ecological monitoring to applications in agriculture, food safety, conservation, and human health, DNA barcoding a broad range which highlights its pivotal role in advancing our understanding of the living world and its potential to address pressing global challenges. Through a synthesis of key findings and advancements in the field, this review underscores the power of DNA barcoding in unlocking nature’s genetics and shaping the future of biological research.