Survey on the Emergence and Zoonotic Potential of Dipylidium Caninum among School-age Children in Daksiri Pella District, Adamawa State, Nigeria

Abstract

Dipylidium caninum is a zoonotic cestode commonly found in dogs and cats but rarely reported in humans. Recently, increasing human-animal interactions and poor environmental sanitation have contributed to the emergence of human infections. This study aimed to investigate the emergence and possible risk factors associated with Dipylidium caninum infection in humans in Adamawa State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using stool examinations and questionnaires administered to school-aged children across selected communities in Daksiri in Hong Local Government, Adamawa State. Samples were analyzed using concentration techniques. Results revealed that out of a total of one thousand two hundred (1200) participants were recruited for this study. Six hundred and sixty-five (665) males, and five hundred and thirty-five (535) females, 11.9 % were infected with this parasite. Prevalence by sex revealed that males had the highest infection (12.6%) compared to females (11.0%). Age group 6-10 years had the highest occurrence (18.6%), followed by 11–15 (7.9%) and older (1.64%). Evidence of infection associated with risk factors such as poor hygiene, close contact with dogs, and flea infestation. The findings highlight the need for improved public health awareness, regular pet deworming, and better sanitation practices to prevent zoonotic transmission.