Fusarium Wilt of Lentil: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

The vascular wilt diseased caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis, poses a significant threat to lentil (Lens culinaris) production globally. This soilborne, root inhabiting pathogen is capable of surviving in the soil for the many years, primarily through the formation of chlamydospores, which serve as the main source of inoculum. F. oxysporum produces three types of spores: microconidia, macroconidia, and chlamydospores. The incidence and severity of the disease are largely influenced by the inoculum load in the soil and the susceptibility of the host cultivar. Typical symptoms of Fusarium wilt in lentils include wilting, drooping, yellowing, discoloration, browning of the xylem vessels, and the eventual collapse of the plant. Effective management strategies include delayed sowing, seed treatment with fungicides, application of biocontrol agents, and the cultivation of wilt-resistant varieties. This review aims to highlight the key features of Fusarium wilt in lentils, with particular emphasis on its pathogenic mechanisms and management approaches.