Fish Singgang Extracts as a Potential Anti-Proliferative against Colon Cancer Cell Lines (HT-29, HCT-116, CT-26)

Abstract

Aim: To investigate anti-proliferative effect of three types of Terengganu singgang extracts on colon cancer cell lines (HT-29, HCT-116, CT-26). Study Design: Experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Central Laboratory, Tissue Culture Laboratory, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu between April 2019 and July 2019. Methodology: Samples comprised three types of singgang dish, which were prepared, cooked, and then extracted with distilled water and ethanol (EtOH) in different strengths, 50%, 70%, and 100%.These singgang samples were chub mackerel (ST), Indian mackerel (SK),and a control sample with no fish (SC). Extracts were analyzed for their anti-proliferative effect by MTT-based assay. Then, the morphological of cell apoptotic changes was observed using light inverted microscope. Results: Experimental assays showed that the SC sample extracted in 100% EtOH produced the highest yield (3.7%).The extract of ST in aqueous (0.27 (0.11)) yielded the most cytotoxic value, followed by extract SK in 100% EtOH (0.28 (0.10)) and extract SC in 50% EtOH (0.20 (0.08)). Then, the anti-proliferative effect was confirmed with morphological changes of cell which were characterized by cell shrinkage, membrane blebbing, and fragmentation of apoptotic bodies after 24, 48 and 72 hours of treatment. Conclusion: In conclusion, the ST extract showed the best anti-proliferative effect.