Fish Production Constraints and Consumption Patterns in Semi-Arid Rajasthan, India: Evidence from Bundi and Tonk Districts

Abstract

The present study examines fish production constraints and consumption patterns in the Bundi and Tonk districts of Rajasthan, India. Structured questionnaires were used to identify key factors influencing fish consumption behaviour and to assess the major barriers limiting aquaculture productivity in the region. A simple random sampling without replacement technique was employed to collect data from eighty fish consumers in retail markets to analyse consumer behaviour, while sixty fish farmers were interviewed to identify the principal constraints affecting the fish production. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse consumer profiles, preferences, purchase frequency, and consumption behaviour. The Henry Garrett Ranking Technique was applied to rank the constraints faced by fish farmers. The findings revealed that fish market visits were predominantly made by men (88.75%), with the highest participation observed in the 35–45 age group. Rohu emerged as the most preferred fish species overall (40%); however, consumer preferences varied across income groups. Lower-income consumers showed a greater preference for cut fish, whereas higher-income consumers preferred whole fish. The constraint analysis indicated that quality seed availability was the most critical production constraint (Rank I; mean score = 66.53), followed by lack of marketing viability (Rank II; mean score = 61.08) and inadequate skilled labour (Rank III; mean score = 52.93). Other significant constraints included inadequate infrastructure, disease outbreaks, limited awareness of government schemes, and technological gaps.