Skip to content
Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Exploring the Floral Biology of Salix alba: Insights into Reproductive Dynamics, Pollen Production and Pollen Morphology in Kashmir Himalayas

Oyais Ahmad Wagay, J.A. Mugloo, T.H Masoodi, Nazir A. Pala, Barkat Hussain, Imran Khan, M Iqbal Jeelani, G. M. Bhat, Jauhar Rafeeq

International Journal of Environment and Climate Change · pp. 714–723 · Published 22 Jul 2024

10.9734/ijecc/2024/v14i74312

Abstract

This study investigates the floral phenology, pollen production and pollen characteristics of Salix alba (white willow) over the years 2022 and 2023, highlighting inter-annual and individual tree variations. In 2022, male catkins began flowering between March 8 and March 10, while female catkins initiated between March 14 and March 22. Flowering for male catkins lasted until mid-May and for female catkins until late May. In 2023, male catkins started flowering from March 10 to March 14 and female catkins from March 17 to March 24, with similar flowering durations. Inflorescence diameters varied among individual trees, ranging from 4.4 mm to 7.7 mm for male catkins and 6.1 mm to 8.1 mm for female catkins across the two years. Pollen production exhibited significant variability with the highest recorded at 4,600,995,000 grains per tree and the lowest at 498,312,500 grains per tree. On average, trees produced approximately 2,164,836,667 pollen grains. Pollen viability ranged from 75% to 80%, with sizes between 16 µm and 26 µm. The pollen-ovule ratio also showed substantial differences, with the highest ratio observed at 7600:2 and the lowest at 2345:7. These findings underscore the considerable year-to-year and tree-to-tree variation in the reproductive traits of Salix alba, which may have implications for its breeding and conservation strategies.

Salix alba reproductive traits floral phenology pollen characteristics

References (17)

  1. 1 Differential Staining of Aborted and Nonaborted Pollen [DOI]
  2. 2 Pollination Ecology ‐ A Practical Approach [DOI]
  3. 3 Techniques for pollination biologists [DOI]
  4. 4 Pollen-Ovule Ratios: A Conservative Indicator of Breeding Systems in Flowering Plants [DOI]
  5. 5 Altitudinal differentiation in growth and phenology among populations of temperate-zone tree species growing in a common garden [DOI]
  6. 6 Willows Beyond Wetlands: Uses of Salix L. Species for Environmental Projects [DOI]
  7. 7 Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Medicinal Uses of Plants of the Genus Salix: An Updated Review [DOI]
  8. 8 Willows of Russia and adjacent countries: taxonomical and geographical revision.
  9. 9 Rust diseases of willow and poplar [DOI]
  10. 10 A Genetic Study of a Salix Germplasm Resource Reveals New Insights into Relationships Among Subgenera, Sections and Species [DOI]
  11. 11 Quantitative methods in microscopy to assess pollen viability in different plant taxa [DOI]
  12. 12 Landscape ecology meets landscape science [DOI]
  13. 13 Phenological behaviour and reproductive biology of important fast growing Salix species.
  14. 14 Annual variation in floral phenology and pollen production in a 25‐year‐old plantation of Tectona grandis [DOI]
  15. 15 Molecular and phytochemical evidence for the taxonomic integrity of Salix alba, S. fragilis, and their hybrid S. 3 rubens (Salicaceae) in mixed stands in SE Germany
  16. 16 Basketry from Introduced Willows in Kashmir: Old Tradition to New Economically Viable Art
  17. 17 Floral Biology of Chinar (Platanus orientalis L.) under Temperate Conditions in the Kashmir Himalayas [DOI]

Cited by 0

No indexed citations yet.

Article metrics

Real usage data collected on this platform.

25

Page views

0

PDF downloads

2

Outbound clicks

0

Citations

Views over time

Views by country

Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".

Traffic sources

Referring site, by host.

Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.