Exploring Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviours Towards Sustainable and Green Healthcare Systems: A Scoping Review

Abstract

This scoping review explores the knowledge, attitudes, behaviours, and perspectives of healthcare professionals and students regarding resilient, sustainable, and green healthcare systems. The importance of integrating sustainability into healthcare settings has become increasingly evident due to the sector's significant environmental footprint. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines health not only as the absence of disease but as a holistic concept encompassing physical, mental, and social well-being, thus highlighting the need for green healthcare practices supporting individual and environmental health. Awareness of sustainability issues in healthcare has significantly increased; however, a gap persists between knowledge and practical implementation. Studies indicate that healthcare workers and students are aware of the environmental impacts of healthcare practices but face barriers such as insufficient resources, lack of institutional support, and competing priorities. Attitudes toward sustainability, when fostered through leadership and education, are shown to influence behaviour positively. In particular, educational interventions that promote green practices can enhance knowledge and facilitate behavioural change. Challenges such as financial constraints and systemic barriers remain, but opportunities like the adoption of telemedicine and renewable energy offer promising solutions. The scoping review emphasizes the need for integrated education, policy frameworks, and cross-sector collaboration to overcome these barriers and promote sustainable healthcare practices. Future efforts should focus on reducing environmental impacts while improving health outcomes, contributing to both ecological sustainability and better quality of life for individuals.