Exploring Genetic Variation, Trait Associations and Path Analysis in Chilli (Capsicum annum L.) Cultivars

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out in the Kharif season during 2015-16 at Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Tikamgarh, J.N.K.V.V., Jabalpur (M.P.). The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with three replications. The present study evaluated genetic variability, heritability, and trait associations in ten chilli (Capsicum annum L.) varieties to identify key yield-influencing characteristics. Significant variability was observed for traits such as fruit yield per plant, number of fruits per plant, and plant height at different growth stages. High genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and heritability estimates indicated strong genetic control over yield-related traits, suggesting potential for effective selection. Phenotypic and genotypic correlation analyses revealed positive associations between fruit yield and traits like plant height, number of fruits, and fruit girth. Path coefficient analysis identified number of fruits per plant and plant height as major direct contributors to yield, while number of branches and fruit length showed negative effects. The study highlights promising selection criteria for chilli improvement programs, emphasizing traits with high heritability and genetic advance. These findings provide valuable insights for breeders aiming to enhance chilli productivity through targeted genetic selection.