Evaluation of the Response Efforts to Foodborne Disease Outbreak in the Presbyterian College of Education- Akropong, Ghana

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the emergency response measures implemented by the Presbyterian College of Education, Akropong, following a foodborne disease outbreak in September 2023 that affected 51 students. Methodology: A mixed-methods approach was used, drawing on key informant interviews, focus group discussions with 22 stakeholders, and analysis of secondary data from the college’s After-Action Report and medical records. Key informant interviews took place in a scheduled office on campus and lasted about 45 minutes. Focus group discussions, also held on campus, lasted approximately 60-90 minutes per session. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed word-for-word with participants' informed consent to maintain the accuracy and authenticity of their responses.  The evaluation was guided by the OECD-DAC criteria and the UNHCR Emergency Handbook. Results: The College implemented five key interventions: community health education, emergency planning, clinical investigations and referrals, hygiene and safety enforcement, and stockpiling of emergency supplies. The outbreak was contained within four days, with no fatalities. While overall response efforts were timely, effective, and aligned with national health policies, prolonged emergency meetings and resource constraints in stockpiling were noted challenges. Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of multi-stakeholder coordination, effective communication, and rapid response planning in managing foodborne disease outbreaks. Recommendations include streamlining emergency planning and enhancing logistical readiness. These findings have practical implications for policymakers, educational authorities, and public health agencies in developing frameworks that strengthen outbreak preparedness and response in resource-limited academic settings.