Evaluation of Kachi Ghani Cold-Press Technology for Linseed Oil: Yield, Quality and Cost Analysis

Abstract

Linseed oil is highly valued for its rich content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly α-linolenic acid, and its associated antioxidant properties. In recent years, growing consumer preference for minimally processed and nutritionally superior edible oils has renewed interest in traditional cold-press extraction methods such as Kachi Ghani, especially for small-scale and rural oil processing. The present study aimed to evaluate the performance and economic feasibility of a small-scale, batch-operated Kachi Ghani oil press for linseed oil extraction. The performance of the Kachi Ghani unit was assessed in terms of oil yield, oil recovery, processing capacity, and energy consumption. The quality of the extracted oil was evaluated using key physicochemical parameters, antioxidant activity, and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. In addition, a cost economics analysis was conducted to estimate production cost, net profit, and breakeven point. The Kachi Ghani process yielded 24.10% oil with an oil recovery of 63.43%. The extracted oil exhibited low peroxide value (1.17 meq kg⁻¹) and acid value (1.99 mg KOH g⁻¹), indicating good oxidative stability and quality. The oil extraction cost was ₹382.55 kg⁻¹, with a net profit of ₹153.41 per litre and a breakeven point of 115.41 batches per year. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of triglycerides and polyunsaturated fatty acids, reflecting the nutritional integrity of the oil. Overall, Kachi Ghani cold-pressing proved to be an effective and economically viable method for linseed oil extraction, ensuring good oil quality and profitable returns. The findings highlight the practical potential of Kachi Ghani technology for adoption in small-scale and rural oil processing units, supporting sustainable and value-added oil production.