Ethnomedicinal Potential of Two Underexplored Parasitic Plant Genera, Macrosolen (Blume) Rchb. and Scurrula L. (Loranthaceae): Traditional Knowledge and Research Priorities

Abstract

Parasitic plants remain among the least explored groups in ethnomedicinal research despite their diverse bioactive potential and traditional significance. The present study focuses on two hemiparasitic genera, Macrosolen and Scurrula, to consolidate scattered ethnomedicinal knowledge and highlight their therapeutic importance to the scientific community. A systematic compilation from published literature and field-based observations revealed limited yet diverse traditional applications, ranging from the treatment of hypertension, jaundice, and cough to reproductive, dermatological, and neurological disorders. The analysis indicates that Scurrula species are frequently cited for cardiovascular and neurological ailments, while Macrosolen species are predominantly used in reproductive and respiratory treatments. Leaves and whole-plant parts were the most utilised, reflecting their pharmacological versatility. Despite their widespread distribution in tropical Asia, both genera remain poorly documented and underrepresented in pharmacological and phytochemical studies. The present study highlights the urgent need for detailed biochemical, pharmacognostic, and molecular investigations to validate and conserve these ethnomedicinally valuable yet neglected parasitic taxa.