Emerging Drinking Water Borne Diseases: A Review on Types, Sources and Health Precaution
Abdulmutalib Alabeed Allaq, Hadi Hamdi Mahid, Esam Bashir Yahya, Ali Mohammed Saleh, Norrizah Jaafar Sidik, Muhanad Abdullah Abdulsamad, Nahed R. Saad, Asita Elengoe, Aziyah Abdul-Aziz
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International · pp. 1–17 · Published 24 Nov 2023
10.9734/jpri/2023/v35i317462Abstract
The global demand for safe drinking water become increasingly important in the past few years due to the growing world population, civilization and increase the sources of contaminations. Millions of peoples every year suffer from different waterborne disease, which may include microbial or disinfectant related diseases. This review, presents an overview on drinking water and their health impact from different aspects, going through different types of physical, chemical, and biological contaminants and their potential effect on human body upon the consumption of their contaminated water. The review also furtherly discusses drinking water treatment techniques such as chlorination, ultraviolet radiation treatment, chlorination, ozonation, heating, and ultra-filtration and the efficiency of these techniques to eliminate different water microorganisms. Drinking waterborne diseases of bacteria, viruses, parasitic protozoa and even some fungi have been also discussed. Finally, health precaution regarding drinking water in term of monitoring of different indicators as well as following the hygienic behaviors was covered to ensure the sustainability and safety of water consumption.
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