Effect of Socio-economic Factors on Level of use of Improved Maize Varieties in Bungoma County, Kenya

Abstract

Maize is Kenya’s primary staple food, where 75% of producers are smallholder farmers. Maize consumption exceeds production with imports bridging the gap. Improved maize varieties have been adopted by smallholder farmers but the deficit gap still exists. The study’s objective was to determine factors influencing the adoption intensity of improved maize varieties in Bungoma County. Primary data was collected from 500 smallholder farmers using a structured questionnaire. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 27 software and a fractional logit model applied. Factors influencing adoption intensity of improved maize varieties were personal characteristics of the farmer (age, and household size), institutional factors (extension service) and varietal factors (early maturity, pest and disease resistance, drought resistance). Age, household size and extension services reduced the intensity of adoption, while varietal factors increased the intensity of adoption of improved maize varieties. The recommendations from the study is that even if the extension agents discouraged increased acreage under maize, they need to address and manage risk aversion among the old farmers through providing information and support groups. Counties should nurture a strong research-inkage with researchers to demonstrate demonstrate technology benefits.