Effect of Rhizobium, Nano Nutrients (NPK), and Organic Manures on the Growth of Pea (Pisum sativum L)

Abstract

The present study evaluated the effects of Rhizobium inoculation, nano-nutrients (NPK 19:19:19), and organic manure on the growth, chlorophyll content, and yield of Pisum sativum L. during the 2024 Rabi season under subtropical conditions. Six treatments were tested using a randomized block design, including control, nano-nutrients, Rhizobium inoculation, their combinations, and organic manure. Treatments involving integrated nutrient management, particularly T5 (Rhizobium inoculation + nano-NPK + organic manure) and T6 (Rhizobium inoculation + organic manure), significantly enhanced plant height, number of leaves, and branches, with T6 exhibiting the highest early vegetative growth parameters. Chlorophyll content was highest in T5, indicating enhanced photosynthetic activity. Yield attributes, including number of pods per plant, pod length, seeds per pod, and seed yield per plant, were markedly improved in both T5 and T6, with T5 recording the highest total seed yield at 23.0 g per plant. The control treatment consistently showed the lowest growth and yield values. The results demonstrate that the combined application of Rhizobium, nano-nutrients, and organic manure synergistically promotes physiological development and productivity in pea, suggesting an effective strategy for sustainable and high-yield pea cultivation.