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Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Economic Assessment and Profitability Analysis of Wheat Cultivation in Gwalior District, Madhya Pradesh, India

Rahul Kumar, A.M. Jaulkar, Megha Sahu, Ankit Soni

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International · pp. 86–93 · Published 27 Oct 2025

10.9734/jeai/2025/v47i113852

Abstract

The study was conducted to economic assessment and profitability analysis of wheat cultivation across various farm sizes in the Gwalior district of Madhya Pradesh. Using data collected from sample farmers through random sampling, the average total cost of cultivation (Cost C3) was estimated at ₹43,541.69/ha. Small and marginal farms incurred higher costs due to land leasing, while large farms achieved lower production costs and higher profitability. Operational cost (Cost A1) accounted for 63.28% of total cost, mainly from fertilizers, manure, and seeds. The cost of production ranged from ₹987.12/qtl on small farms to ₹847.62/qtl on large farms. Large farms also realized the highest yield (36 qtl/ha), gross income (₹80,960/ha), and benefit-cost ratio (1:1.88). The results highlight that larger farm benefit from economies of scale, better input management, and improved profitability in wheat cultivation.

Wheat cost of cultivation farm size profitability

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