Outcome of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery with Low Preoperative Ejection Fraction: A Cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background: Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery has been proven in several trials to have excellent outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease who have reasonably preserved cardiac function. Nonetheless, determining the value of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with low left ventricular ejection faction (shown as left ventricular ejection fraction 40B) has been challenging due to worries about increased operating mortality and decreased long-term survival. Objective: Our main goal is to evaluate the Outcome of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery with Low Preoperative Ejection Fraction. Methods: This cross-sectional study carried out at tertiary hospital from June 2021 to June 2022. Where 100 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery in the Department of Cardiac Surgery were included in the study. The patients were divided into 2 groups as follows: Group—I, EF < 40% (n = 50) and Group-ll EF>40% (n = 50). Results: During the study, where 55% were belong to 50-60 years age group and majority were male. In both group majority had diabetes and hypertension. All of the co—morbidities/risk factors were almost equally distributed between groups (p > 0,05). Except incidence of bleeding, which was significantly higher in Croup—I than that in Group—II (p = 0.01 0). In addition to that, in group 1 Heart failure seen in 1.5% cases followed by 2.3% had pneumonia, prolonged ventilation seen in 13.5%. Where as in group 2 Heart failure seen in 0.5% cases followed by 1.8% had pneumonia, prolonged ventilation seen in 11%. Conclusion: Lastly, the current study's large sample size suggests that CABG may be performed on patients with low EF <40% with outcomes (in terms of morbidity and death) that are equivalent to those of patients with EF > 40.