Diversity and Conservation Status of True Mangrove and Mangrove Associates in the Junput Mangrove, East Midnapore, West Bengal, India

Abstract

From the perspective of mangroves ecosystem, these ecosystems are the most productive and ecologically significant on the planet, delivering important goods and services that are essential for environmental well-being. Before implementing any strategies for the protection or restoration of mangrove populations, it is crucial to gather comprehensive data on their scope and diversity. Present study investigates the composition, diversity, and spatial distribution of true mangroves species and their associates along the Junput Mangrove area, East Midnapore, West Bengal. The field study was conducted over a period of one year, specifically from May, 2023 to April, 2024. Based on the findings of the study, it was revealed that a total 35 floral species were recorded during the study period in Junput mangrove coastal area in which 6 flora are true mangrove species, 12 mangrove associates species, 16 beach flora and 1 back mangrove species, classified in 24 family and 33 genera. In this study, the IUCN status of mangrove floral species was shared by Not Evaluated (19), Least Concern (15) and Endangered (1). Mangrove forest provide vital ecosystem services, such as reducing atmospheric carbon and have become a focal point for conservation efforts due to their crucial role in marine ecology. However, over recent decades, mangrove ecosystems have come under severe pressure due to intense exploitation. The presence of mangroves has significantly enhanced the value of other coastal and marine resources—such as fisheries—by boosting productivity and supporting a wide array of biological species.