Diverse Therapeutic Approaches to Ankyloglossia in Children: A Case Series

Abstract

Ankyloglossia is a congenital developmental anomaly characterized by a short or thick lingual frenulum, resulting in restricted tongue mobility and functional impairments, particularly speech difficulties. Early recognition and timely intervention are essential to improve oral function and quality of life in affected children. This case series describes the management and outcomes of three pediatric patients with severe ankyloglossia treated using different surgical modalities. All cases presented to the Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Goa Dental College and Hospital, with speech impairment and limited tongue movement. Clinical examination confirmed severe Class III ankyloglossia according to Kotlow’s classification. The children exhibited difficulty in articulating lingual and alveolar phonemes. Surgical management included conventional scalpel frenectomy, diode laser–assisted frenectomy, and electrocautery-assisted frenectomy, each performed under local anesthesia following standard aseptic            protocols. Postoperatively, all patients demonstrated satisfactory hemostasis and uneventful healing. Suturing was required only in the scalpel-treated case, while laser and electrocautery techniques achieved adequate coagulation without sutures. Complete wound healing was observed at the one-month follow-up. Tongue mobility exercises were advised to enhance postoperative functional outcomes (improved tongue range of motion and speech articulation). Although limited by a small sample size and short follow-up period, this case series highlights the clinical feasibility and effectiveness of different surgical approaches for managing severe pediatric ankyloglossia. The findings are clinically relevant in guiding clinicians in selecting appropriate treatment modalities based on available resources, operator expertise, and patient-specific considerations.