Delineation in Melia Species: Review and Findings

Abstract

The Melia genus comprises several species, including Melia azedarach, Melia dubia, Melia volkensii which are widely distributed across different geographical regions and exhibit considerable morphological similarities. Despite their economic, ecological, and medicinal significance, the taxonomic status and species boundaries within the Melia genus have been a matter of contention. Various factors, such as hybridization, geographical variation, and phenotypic plasticity, contribute to the complexity of species identification in this genus. Accurate delineation of Melia species is vital for several reasons as it enables us to understand the evolutionary relationships and genetic diversity within the genus, providing insights into its evolutionary history and potential future adaptation. The taxonomic status of Melia is uncertain because of its variable anatomical and morphological features. So, integrative approach using traditional taxonomic methods with molecular techniques is mandatory to address the challenges associated with Melia species delineation. The presence of cultivated varieties and morphotypes has added to ongoing species complexity between Melia dubia and Melia azedarach. The objective of this review is to overview useful approaches that may successfully discriminate between Melia dubia and Melia azedarach and provide a significant comprehension for conservation endeavours in Melia genus. The review also incorporates preliminary research findings from the author’s ongoing investigation into this subject.