Assessment of the Perceived Role of Health Education in Reducing the Prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Ijebu-Ode Community in Ogun State, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: HIV/AIDS remains a significant public health concern in Nigeria, with education being a crucial tool in prevention and control. This study assesses the perceived role of health education in reducing the prevalence of HIV/AIDS among residents of Ijebu-Ode community in Ogun State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 81 residents aged 15–49 years. A multistage sampling technique was employed to select participants from different communities, healthcare centres, and educational institutions. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, key informant interviews (KIIs), and focus group discussions (FGDs). Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS Version 26.0, employing descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and logistic regression. Qualitative data were subjected to thematic content analysis. Results: Findings indicate that 97.5% of respondents had heard of HIV/AIDS, with 88.9% acknowledging its preventability. Health education significantly improved knowledge and preventive practices, with 80.2% of participants attending awareness programs. Pearson correlation analysis showed a strong association between health education and HIV prevention awareness (r = 0.67, p < 0.001). Chi-square analysis revealed a significant relationship between education level and perception of HIV/AIDS prevention (p = 0.015) and between attendance at health education programs and HIV testing (p = 0.009). KIIs highlighted cultural beliefs, stigma, and inadequate funding as barriers to effective health education. Conclusion: Health education plays a crucial role in reducing HIV/AIDS prevalence by enhancing knowledge and promoting preventive behaviors. Addressing cultural misconceptions, improving funding, and strengthening community engagement are essential for more effective interventions.