Contrast Induced Nephropathy Risk Prediction Assessment: Usefulness among Africans Undergoing Intravenous Contrast Procedures

Abstract

Aims: To validate the CIN predictive risk score developed by Mehran et al in the study population. Study Design: This is a hospital-based prospective observational study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medicine and Department of Radiology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Edo State, Nigeria. September 2009 to March 2010. Methodology: One hundred and forty-two (142) out of 180 patients undergoing intravenous contrast procedures completed the study. They were recruited consecutively over a 6-month period. Data on their sociodemographic characteristics and health status were collated. A modified version of Mehran’s CIN risk prediction chart was included in the questionnaire. Venous blood and urine were collected for serum creatinine and biochemical estimations before contrast exposure and up to 72 hours post-exposure. Results: The frequency of CIN was 35.9%. Majority of the patients studied had low risk scores. Although CIN (+) patients had higher total risk scores when compared to CIN (-) patients, it did not reach statistical significance (P=.600). Baseline renal insufficiency, anaemia and age >55 years were significant risk factors for CIN and predictive of CIN in univariate but not multivariate analysis. Conclusion: The CIN predictive score by Mehran et al. did not sufficiently identify patients at risk for CIN in the population studied.