Competences of Agricultural Extension Agents in Dissemination of Climate Change Adaptation Strategies in Misungwi District, Tanzania

Abstract

This paper assessed the awareness and competencies of extension agents regarding climate change in Tanzania, utilizing questionnaires from 64 agents and analysing data through descriptive statistics. Results indicated a high knowledge level, with an overall mean score of 6.36; 70.3% identified drought and extreme weather as significant climate change effects, and 82.8% recognized soil conservation as vital for adaptation. However, knowledge gaps were noted in crop diversification (53.1%) and climate-resilient crop varieties (46.9%). Skills assessment yielded a mean score of 6.8, with 70.3% competent in recommending mulching and drip irrigation, and 75.0% guiding farmers in organic farming. Attitudes towards climate adaptation were generally positive, with a mean score of 3.97; 73.5% valued continuous learning. Yet, practice inconsistencies emerged, as only 23.4% frequently recommended climate-resilient practices and 37.5% regularly implemented innovative solutions. Institutional support was inadequate, with the highest support observed in policy availability (54.7%), while the lowest was in digital tool provision, as none of the extension agents (100%) had access to such resources. The findings suggest that enhanced training, improved communication, and better resource allocation are essential for strengthening extension agents' roles in aiding farmers' climate change adaptation in Tanzania.