Comparison of Position of Glenoid Fossa in Skeletal Class I and Class II Malocclusion

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the mean position of the glenoid fossa in patients with skeletal class I and skeletal class II malocclusions in a specialist care hospital. Method of Research: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Location and Peroid of Study: Out Patients Department of Orthodontics, Margalla Institute of Health Sciences Rawalpindi from 1-12-2013 to 30-05-2014. Methodology: Clinical records of patients, who had approached or had been referred to orthodontics department, were maintained as per Orthodontics protocol including clinical history, physical examination and radiographs inclusive of Lateral Cephalogram. Radiographs were taken with the informed consent of patient or parents as per the requirement in horizontal plane parallel to floor, lower jaw in maximal intercuspation with lips at rest. Patients were segregated into 2 groups of skeletal class I and class II relationships. On Cephalogram, SNA, SNB, ANB, GF-S on FHP and GF-FMN were measured. The details were assessed on statistical package for social sciences (SPSS version 14). Descriptive statistics were utilized to calculate the frequency and percentages for qualitative variables like gender. Means and standard deviation were analyzed for quantitative variables like SNA, SNB, ANB, GF-S on FHP, and GF-FMN for skeletal class I and class II groups. Independent sample t-test was employed to juxtapose the means and SD for GF-S on FHP and GF-FMN in millimeters for both the groups. Results: On conduct of various descriptive statistics / sample tests, results were achieved. P < 0.05 was considered significant. Measurement of mean location of glenoid fossa in skeletal class I and skeletal class II groups was end result of the study which was compared subsequently in both groups. Mean GF-S on FH in skeletal class I was 17.47\(\pm\)3.45 mm and in skeletal class II it was 17.01\(\pm\)3.79 mm, which was statistically non consequential (p = 0.528). Similarly Mean GF-FMN in skeletal class I was 80.50\(\pm\)6.17 mm and in skeletal class II it came out to be 77.72\(\pm\)7.69 mm, which was statistically substantial (p=0.048). Conclusion: It is inferred from results that difference between glenoid fossa position and FMN point in skeletal class I and Class II malocclusions is statistically significant.