Comparative Study of Serum Ferritin with C - reactive protein Serum Adenosine Deaminase, and Other Biochemical Parameters in COVID-19 Patients

Abstract

In COVID-19 pandemic clinical assessment is indispensable, but laboratory markers, or biomarkers, can provide additional, objective information which can significantly impact these components of patient care. COVID-19 is not a localized respiratory infection but a multisystem disease caused by a diffuse systemic process involving a complex interplay of the immunological, inflammatory and coagulative cascades. The understanding of what the virus does to the body and how the body reacts to it has uncovered a gamut of potential biomarkers. Our study demonstrates the different classes of biomarkers – immunological, inflammatory, cardiac, biochemical in terms of their pathophysiological basis. The correlation of serum ferritin with CRP, ADA and biochemical parameters predicting cardiac injury, liver injury and renal injury were evaluated. Serum ferritin and CRP was found to be significantly elevated with the disease severity. Serum ADA levels were also significantly different in group with high ferritin, which demonstrate that increased ADA leads to low adenosine, which is further responsible for exaggeration of inflammatory response in Covid-19. This suggest the protective role of adenosine in COVID 19. CKMB and LDH also serves as important biomarkers for cardiac injury and was found to be significantly different in groups with high ferritin which also suggestive of myocardial damage. Hepatic and renal bio parameters were also significantly different in groups with high ferritin levels, which is also suggestive hepatic and renal damage.