Comparative Study of Anti Microbial Activity of Dose Dependent Silver Nanoparticle Preparation, Iodophor and Chlorhexidine against Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Strains

Abstract

Iodophor, chlorhexidine and silver nanoparticle preparation were tested against Extended spectrum beta lactamase strains (ESBL strains) in this study. This was done in order to compare the antibacterial activities of 5% iodophor, 4% chlorhexidine and silver nanoparticle preparation. A major problem for chemotherapy of bacterial agents in today’s world is the development of multi drug resistance. ESBL is one of the most common problematic multidrug resistant pathogens. Beta lactamase are enzymes which are produced by certain kinds of bacteria. They have the ability to breakdown the active ingredient in certain common antibiotics and thus making them ineffective. Iodophor and chlorhexidine are chemical disinfectants which show antimicrobial activity.  Iodine is said to be one of the most lethal agents that enters the cell and inhibits synthesis of proteins. Iodophors are less toxic and they do not irritate the skin when used for disinfection. Chlorhexidine is also a commonly used antiseptic and they are very commonly used as a disinfectant before surgical procedures and for sterilisation procedures. Silver nanoparticle, another component tested against ESBL strain in this study is a biological preparation. Many studies have described the antimicrobial properties of silver and it is proven to be a powerful bactericidal agent as it can effectively cross biological membranes. Although considered to be toxic at high concentrations in human beings, less than 1% concentration of silver nanoparticle preparation is used for controlling bacteria in dental therapies, wounds, burns and catheters.