Comparative Analysis of Traditional and Industrial Agroforestry Systems among Farmers in Coimbatore District, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Agroforestry is a sustainable land-use system that combines trees with crops and livestock to improve productivity, livelihoods, and ecological balance. In Tamil Nadu, both traditional and industrial agroforestry systems contribute significantly to rural income enhancement and efficient resource utilization. The study aimed to compare the structure, functioning, and socio-economic outcomes of traditional and industrial agroforestry systems among farmers in the Coimbatore district. The findings indicate that industrial agroforestry is more prevalent, representing 56.67% of the respondents, with teak, eucalyptus, and casuarina being the dominant species cultivated for timber and pulp industries. Traditional systems, including home gardens and agrosilvicultural models, accounted for 43.33% and were marked by diversified income sources and greater ecological stability. Industrial systems offered faster economic returns through contract farming but involved higher market and environmental risks, whereas traditional systems ensured long-term sustainability and food security yet faced challenges related to market access and financial support. Common constraints identified in both systems included financial limitations, policy issues, and labour shortages.The study concludes that developing hybrid agroforestry models that merge industrial efficiency with traditional sustainability can maximize income and ecological benefits. The results can guide policymakers and development agencies in promoting balanced, resilient, and sustainable agroforestry models across Tamil Nadu.