Combining Ability Analysis of Maize (Zea mays L.) for Grain Yield and Yield Related Traits Using Line X Tester Method

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the combining ability for yield and yield components in newly developed white maize lines. A total of 22 maize inbred lines, derived from various genetic sources at the Agricultural Research Station during the 2023 growing season, were used to create 40 hybrids. These hybrids, along with two commercial check hybrids (Karimnagar Makka and Kaveri Ekka), were evaluated at Agricultural Research Station. The analysis revealed highly significant differences for all traits studied. Among the inbred lines, KML-122, KML-7, and KML-6 were identified as good general combiners for grain yield and yield-contributing traits, such as days to 50% anthesis, days to 50% silking, days to maturity, and plant height. Based on specific combining ability (SCA) effects, the hybrids KML124×LM13, KML-131×LM-14, and KML-136×LM-13 were identified as specific combiners for yield and yield-attributing traits. The successful identification and utilization of these high-GCA inbred lines can significantly contribute to the development of superior maize hybrids, enhancing overall productivity and sustainability in maize cultivation. Data on twelve morphological traits were recorded, with non-additive effects found to be important for all characters.