Skip to content
Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Changes in Serum Levels of TNF-α & IL-4 among New, Under-treatment & MDR TB Patients

Nazish Fatima, Mohammad Shameem, Nabeela ., Haris M. Khan

Microbiology Research Journal International · pp. 159–166 · Published 16 Mar 2015

10.9734/BMRJ/2015/14798

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health problem with an estimated one-third of the world’s population being infected. Cytokines play a major role in protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and regulate the immune responses at cellular level. Most studies on cytokines during TB are from ‘in vitro’-stimulated lymphoid cells with few reports on in vivo plasma levels. This study was aimed to evaluate the levels of TNF-α & IL4 in new, under-treatment (UT) and multidrug resistant (MDR) pulmonary and extra-pulmonary cases. Methodology: The study was conducted at the Department Of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India. Levels of TNF-α and IL-4 were measured in 76 serum samples from TB patients by ELISA kit (Diaclone France) along with 10 BCG vaccinated control. A complete clinical, radiological & treatment data was collected on questionnaire forms of each patients. Results: TNF-α levels were elevated in new (P<0.05) and MDR cases (P<0.05), but not significantly for UT cases (P>0.05). TNF-α and IL-4 levels showed no significant variations according to site of involvement in pulmonary vs. extra-pulmonary TB cases. Conclusion: An understanding of the development of this response may lead to insight into pathogenesis and novel therapies for TB.

Tuberculosis IL-4 TNF-α cytokines

References (27)

  1. 1 Global Surveillance for Antituberculosis-Drug Resistance, 1994–1997 [DOI]
  2. 2 TNF Dually Mediates Resistance and Susceptibility to Mycobacteria via Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species [DOI]
  3. 3 Role of TNF-Alpha, IFN-Gamma, and IL-10 in the Development of Pulmonary Tuberculosis [DOI]
  4. 4 Serum concentrations of cytokines in patients with active tuberculosis (TB) and after treatment [DOI]
  5. 5 Local Immune Responses Correlate with Presentation and Outcome in Tuberculosis [DOI]
  6. 6 Perspectives on host adaptation in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Modulation of inflammation [DOI]
  7. 7 Th1/Th2 profiles in tuberculosis, based on the proliferation and cytokine response of blood lymphocytes to mycobacterial antigens.
  8. 8 T-cell cytokine responses in human infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis [DOI]
  9. 9 Increased Production of Interleukin 4 by CD4 + and CD8 + T Cells from Patients with Tuberculosis Is Related to the Presence of Pulmonary Cavities [DOI]
  10. 10 Absence of a prominent Th2 cytokine response in human tuberculosis [DOI]
  11. 11 Early Emergence of CD8+T Cells Primed for Production of Type 1 Cytokines in the Lungs ofMycobacterium tuberculosis-Infected Mice [DOI]
  12. 12 Selective Increase in Plasma Tumor Necrosis Factor- and Concomitant Clinical Deterioration after Initiating Therapy in Patients with Severe Tuberculosis [DOI]
  13. 13 Differential Cytokine Secretion and Early Treatment Response in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis [DOI]
  14. 14 Aerosolized interferon-alpha treatment in patients with multi-drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis.
  15. 15 Post-treatment changes of six cytokines in active pulmonary tuberculosis: differences between patients with stable or increased fibrosis.
  16. 16 Functions of T-cell subsets and cytokines in mycobacterial infections.
  17. 17 Monocyte cytokine secretion in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis differs from that of healthy infected subjects and correlates with clinical manifestations [DOI]
  18. 18 Characterization of Th1- and Th2-type immune response in human multidrug-resistant tuberculosis [DOI]
  19. 19 [Changes of proinflammatory cytokines and their receptors in serum from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis].
  20. 20 [The evaluation of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) level in peripheral blood of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis].
  21. 21 Global Surveillance for Antituberculosis-Drug Resistance, 1994–1997 [DOI]
  22. 22 Correlation of serum tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐4 and soluble interleukin‐2 receptor levels with radiologic and clinical manifestations in active pulmonary tuberculosis [DOI]
  23. 23 Cytokine Gene Expression Profile of Circulating CD4+ T Cells in Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis [DOI]
  24. 24 Comparative and Prospective Study of Different Immune Parameters in Healthy Subjects at Risk for Tuberculosis and in Tuberculosis Patients [DOI]
  25. 25 Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha and Interleukin-10 in Whole Blood Is Associated with Disease Progression in Pulmonary Mulitdrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients [DOI]
  26. 26 [Serum levels of solubule tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptors in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis].
  27. 27 [Alteration of interferon-gamma and interleukin-12 released by bronchoalveolar lavage cells from pulmonary tuberculosis].

Cited by 5

Tackling tuberculosis: Insights from an international TB Summit in London

Arundhati Maitra, C. Danquah, F. Scotti · Virulence · 2015

Assessment of interleukin 6 (IL-6) as a marker of inflammation among adult patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Zaria, Nigeria

Mairiga Sa’ad, Abdullah A. Abba, Bolanle Olufunke Priscilla Musa · The Egyptian Journal of Bronchology · 2024

Showing 3 of 5 known citations — external sources report more than can currently be individually listed.

Article metrics

Real usage data collected on this platform.

86

Page views

0

PDF downloads

36

Outbound clicks

5

Citations

Views over time

Views by country

Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".

Traffic sources

Referring site, by host.

Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.