Challenges and Support Strategies During the Transition to Adulthood in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Abstract

The transition from adolescence to adulthood stands as one of the most difficult and challenging life phases for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This systematic review synthesizes findings exclusively from peer-reviewed literature published between 2010 and 2024 to provide a comprehensive analysis of this critical period. Following a structured search, PRISMA guidelines and selection protocol, 67 articles satisfied the inclusion criteria. The review described the   challenges encountered by individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder during this transition stage namely; independence, social relationships and general well-being.  Analyzes the major systemic, familial and individual-level challenges inherent to the transition phase itself and evaluates evidence-based support strategies. Studies show that competitive Integrated Employment (CIE) remains low, with a pooled prevalence of 21.7% among young individuals within five years of high school exit. This is in stark contrast to the 58% employment rate for the broader impaired population of the same age group. Finally, the review delineates concrete implications for practice advocating for early, strengths-based, person-centered planning and policy calling for coordinated, funded, and inclusive systemic reforms. The synthesis comes to the conclusion that, despite the significant and varied difficulties, there is a robust evidence supporting successful interventions. Therefore, a widespread, long-term, coordinated support that respects neurodiversity and encourages self-determination is critically needed. The goal should be not just adequacy but also a high quality of life and meaningful engagement in adult society.