Vanek’s Tumour Unveiled: Decoding Enigmatic Intricacies at the Ileocecal Junction

Abstract

Aims: Inflammatory Fibroid Polyps (IFPs) present a diagnostic enigma in gastrointestinal pathology, with their rarity and elusive clinical nature. This article details the case of a 65-year-old patient experiencing chronic abdominal pain and sub-occlusion symptoms, exemplifying the diagnostic complexities associated with IFPs. Presentation of Case: A 65-year male patient, with no prior medical history, underwent extensive clinical evaluation, including a colonoscopy and abdominal CT scan, which failed to identify the underlying cause for his chronic pain. Exploratory laparoscopy revealed a 2.5 cm mass in the terminal ileum, leading to necessary ileocecal resection. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, with resolved anemia and a two-year follow-up showing no recurrence. Discussion: Vanek's 1949 introduction of the term "IFP" described them as "gastric submucosal granulomas with eosinophilic infiltration." Over a thousand cases have been reported, with 23% originating in the small intestine, particularly the ileum. Despite their often-inflammatory nature, no specific causal factor has been pinpointed. IFPs are usually asymptomatic but may present with dyspepsia, bleeding, or discomfort. Differential diagnosis includes spindle cell lesions and gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Conclusion: Treatment options depend on the size and location of the polyp. Surgical resection or endoscopic excision is preferred for symptomatic cases. This article emphasizes the diagnostic challenges posed by IFPs, urging heightened awareness among healthcare professionals. IFPs demand inclusion in the differential diagnosis of gastrointestinal pathologies to ensure timely and appropriate management.