Awareness and Factors Associated with TB-LAMP Positivity among Patients with Presumptive Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Ibadan, Nigeria

Abstract

Aims: To assess awareness of tuberculosis (TB) and the factors associated with TB-LAMP positivity among patients with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) at a specialised chest hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria. Study Design: Hospital-based cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Chest Hospital, Jericho, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria, between October 2025 and July 2026. Methodology: A total of 157 patients with presumptive PTB were selected by systematic sampling and interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Awareness was scored from eight items (0-8); scores below the sample mean were classified as poor awareness. TB-LAMP results were abstracted from hospital laboratory records and were used as the study outcome variable. Associations were assessed with the chi-square test and binary logistic regression (odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals); p < 0.05 was significant. Results: Of 157 respondents, 87 (55.4%) had poor overall awareness (mean score 3.45 ± 1.36 of 8) and 85 (54.1%) had ever heard of TB. TB-LAMP was positive in 52 (33.1%). Poor awareness (crude OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.37-1.41) and having heard of TB (OR 1.57, 95% CI 0.80-3.09) were not associated with TB-LAMP positivity. In multivariable analysis, being a farmer, student or unemployed was independently associated with positivity (adjusted OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.25-5.31; exploratory grouping). The single-item awareness measure did not differ by sex, marital status, education or religion (all p > 0.05). Conclusion: Awareness of PTB was inadequate among patients with presumptive PTB but was not associated with TB-LAMP positivity. Occupational grouping (farmer, student or unemployed) was the only independently associated factor; this exploratory finding requires confirmation. Routine, structured TB education at the point of care is recommended.