Differential Leukocyte Ratios in Women with Unexplained Recurrent Implantation Failures

Abstract

Background: Unexplained recurrent implantation failures are currently a public health problem especially in the Sub Saharan Africa. It is a medical condition that has been attributed to many factors including low-grade chronic inflammation. Differential leukocyte ratios are efficient markers of low-grade chronic inflammation. There is a paucity of data on the levels of differential leukocyte ratios in women with unexplained recurrent implantation failures in the Enugu population. Objectives: The present study aims to determine the levels of the differential leukocyte ratios involving the Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio(NLR), Monocyte Lymphocyte Ratio(MLR), Basophil Lymphocyte Ratio(BLR) and the Eosinophil Lymphocyte Ratio(ELR) in women with unexplained recurrent implantation failures and healthy controls. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional case controlled study. A total of 80 subjects involving 40 cases and 40 controls aged 20-35 years were recruited for the study. Blood samples were collected from the subjects by venipuncture. The differential leukocyte ratios were calculated manually from their fully blood count results determined with the Mindray 530BC automated analyzer, Mindray, Japan. The data were analyzed with SPSS version 23 the using Student T- test and presented as the mean ± standard deviation from the mean and a p-value <0.05 considered was significant. Results: The results revealed significant increase in the NLR(2.99 ± 0.43), ELR(4.66 ± 0.9),and MLR(1.91 ± 2.06) in the women with unexplained recurrent implantation failures compared to NLR(1.80 ± 0.19), ELR(2.86 ± 0.40) and MLR(0.71 ± 1.41) respectively in the healthy women. Conclusion: This finding supports the claim for a low grade chronic inflammation in women with unexplained recurrent implantation failures.