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Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Associated Factors of Polypharmacy among Elderly Patients Attended at Primary Care Setting

Daniel López-Hernández, Luis Beltran-Lagunes, Pilar Soto-de-la-Cruz, Leticia Brito-Aranda, Ernestina Pavon-Delgado, Alaina Mariana Castro-Diaz, Emmanuel Melgarejo-Estefan, Nadhyieli Orozco-Campos, Alberto Vazquez-Sanchez, Edgar Esteban Torres-Garcia, Victor Noe Garcia-Edgar, Roberto Duran-Rojo, Xochitl Liliana Olivares-Lopez, Victor Hugo Noguez-Alvarez, Tabata Gabriela Anguiano-Velazquez, Miguel Angel Nuñez-Calvillo, Luis Angel Herrerias-Colin, Jorge Arturo Granados-Kraulles, Ricardo Alejandro Sanchez-Barcernas, Benita Santiago-Sanchez, Carmen Lizzete Juarez-Montoya, Israel Ambrosio Ramirez, Miriam Idalith Infante Miranda

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology · pp. 73–87 · Published 14 Aug 2024

10.9734/cjast/2024/v43i84423

Abstract

Aims: To determine the factors associated with polypharmacy in individuals aged 60 and over attending at a primary care unit. Methodology: A case-control study was designed with the population served from January 2017 to December 2018 at the “Aragón” Family Medicine Clinic. Results: A total population of 1,657 cases and 1,657 controls was included. The prevalence of excessive polypharmacy was significantly higher (p < 0.001) among patients seen in the MIDE module (n=203, 59.2%; 95% CI 54.2-65.0) and Dentistry (n=188, 48.1%; 95% CI 43.0-52.9). The most frequently prescribed and dispensed medications were nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, proton pump inhibitors, vitamins, statins, lipid-lowering agents, and non-insulin hypoglycemic agents. A significant association was observed between polypharmacy and the number of services used (OR=2.87; 95% CI 2.40-3.43, p< 0.001 for 2 services, and OR=11.21; 95% CI 6.28-20.03, p< 0.001 for 3 or more services), the presence of multiple morbidities (OR=5.65; 95% CI 4.73-6.76, p< 0.001), and the type of entitlement (OR=0.80; 95% CI 0.69-0.94, p=0.009; family members). Conclusions: The risk factors associated with polypharmacy are linked to the clinical conditions of the patient and the medicalisation process of primary care.

Polypharmacy older adults morbidity primary health care prevalence odds ratio

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