Assessment of Some Haemostatic Parameters in Women with Spontaneous Abortion Attending Antenatal Clinics in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State

Abstract

Aim: This study was aimed at assessing some haemostatic parameters of women with spontaneous abortion attending antenatal clinics in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State. Study design:  This study is a crossectional study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in Federal Medical Centre (FMC) and Diete Koki Hospital, all in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria, between October 2018 and July 2019. Methodology: A total of eighty-eight (88) subjects (48 women with spontaneous abortion and 40 women with normal pregnancy) were enrolled in this study. Ten (10) mls of blood sample was obtained from each participant. Platelet count and mean platelet volume were determined using the Mindray BC-5300 (Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co. Ltd China) Auto haematology analyzer. Prothrombin time was determined using Erba Actime invitro diagnostic reagent kits, activated partial thromboplastin time was determined using Erba Protime and Erba Calcium invitro diagnostic reagent kits, Fibrinogen was determined using Erba invitro reagents.  Thrombin and antithrombin  were determined using Erba Chrom kits while tissue plasminogen activator and tissue Plasminogen were determined using ELISA assay kits (Elabscience Biotech. Co. Ltd China). Data analysis was done using GraphPad Prism version 5.1 and p-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Results showed a statistically significant decrease in aPTT (27.42 ± 7.827s versus 22. 60 ± 7.038s) (P=.003) among test and control groups irrespective of trimester, mean platelet volume (MPV) (10.76fl ± 1.89 versus 8.89 ± 1.00fl) (P =.004) among test and control groups in the first trimester. A significant decrease in activated partial thromboplastin time (28.44 ± 8.64s versus 21.82 ± 6.87s) (P=.0019) and antithrombin (32.57 ± 10.83% versus 16.34 ± 6.20%) (P =.001) among test and controls in the second trimester were observed. Also, a statistical decrease were observed in aPTT (32.00 ± 6.12s versus 20.36 ± 5.853s) (P= .0027) and (31.14 ± 9.083s versus 21.57 ± 9.343s) (P =.036) in the second trimester within the age ranges 18-23years and 31-36years. A significant negative correlations were observed in the test subjects for the first trimester between tissue in plasminogen and age mean platelet volume and platelet count and mean platelet volume and tissue plasminogen activator; second trimester test subjects between Platelet and age), antithrombin and platelet. Conclusion: In conclusion, the findings suggest that the haemostatic parameters may contribute to complications in pregnancy.