Assessment of Ichthyofaunal Diversity in Gavier Lake, Surat, India

Abstract

Fish, with over 36,000 species globally, are the most diverse vertebrates, with nearly half residing in freshwater habitats. This study provides the first comprehensive documentation of the ichthyofauna of Gavier Lake, Surat, Gujarat, identifying 19 species across various families. The Cyprinidae family was the most represented, with five species, Siluridae with three and Channidae with two species. Wallago attu, a Near Threatened species according to the IUCN Red List, was also recorded. The lake’s diverse ecological features, including rich vegetation and bird habitats, provide vital resources for fish species, supporting an interdependent ecosystem. The structural complexity of submerged roots and aquatic plants enhances fish shelter, breeding, and foraging opportunities. Additionally, otters, apex predators in freshwater systems, indicate a healthy and abundant fish population. Other wildlife, such as snakes and butterflies, further highlights the lake’s ecological richness. This study underscores the importance of conserving Gavier Lake as a critical biodiversity hotspot and the need for ongoing conservation efforts to protect its unique aquatic ecosystem.