Skip to content
Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Assessment of Genetic Diversity, Gene Flow and Demographic History of Frigate Tuna (Auxis thazard) Populations in Tanzanian Marine Waters Using Mitochondrial DNA Control Region

Elizabeth Mayunga Maduhu, Sebastian Wilson Chenyambuga, George Mutani Msalya, Renalda Nanziga Munubi

Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research · pp. 9–20 · Published 10 Oct 2022

10.9734/ajfar/2022/v20i1484

Abstract

Aim: To investigate genetic diversity, gene flow and demographic history of frigate tuna                   (Auxis thazard) populations found in Tanzanian marine waters. Study Design: The study used a descriptive research design whereby fish samples were randomly collected from four locations and the genetic variation within and among the four populations analyzed using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region. Place and Duration of the Study: Fish samples were collected from landing sites in Tanga, Dar es Salaam, Mtwara and Zanzibar, Tanzania. The study was conducted between July 2020 and June 2021. Methodology: A total of 100 frigate tuna were randomly sampled from small-scale fishermen at the landing sites of Dar-es-Salaam (20), Tanga (30), Mtwara (30), and Zanzibar (20). For each fish, 50 g muscle tissue was obtained and put in a vial containing 95% ethanol. DNA was extracted from the muscle using a commercial DNA Kit (Quick-DNATM Miniprep Plus Kit, Zymo Research Corp.) according to the instructions of the manufacturer and a fragment of 432 bp of the mtDNA control region was amplified and sequenced using ABI PRISIM™ 3100 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems). Haplotype and nucleotide diversity, gene flow and historic demographic were estimated from 92 fish samples. Results: A total of 88 haplotypes were identified in all fish samples. The highest haplotype diversity was found in Zanzibar (1.000 ± 0.017) and Mtwara (1.000 ± 0.010) populations while the lowest was observed in Tanga population (0.992 ± 0.012). Tanga population had the highest nucleotide diversity (0.078 ± 0.018) while Dar es Salaam had the lowest (0.016 ± 0.009). The highest genetic differentiation (FST) was found between Tanga and Dar-es-Salaam (0.178) and the lowest was observed between Mtwara and Zanzibar (0.016). The genetic distances between pairs of populations were small. The phylogenetic tree revealed two main clusters. Cluster 1 which consisted of nine haplotypes was dominated by Tanga population with seven haplotypes while the remaining two haplotypes were from Mtwara and the reference sequences of Euthynnus affinis (Kawakawa tuna). Cluster II had 84 haplotypes of individuals from all four populations, with no population specific subcluster. The number of immigrants per generation was highest between Mtwara and Zanzibar (Nm=18.310) and lowest between Tanga and Dar-es-Salaam (Nm=1.180). The neutrality test indicated negative values, suggesting a recent population expansion. Conclusion: There is high genetic diversity within the populations, but there is no significant genetic differentiation among the four frigate tuna populations, suggesting that the four populations comprise a single panmictic population.

Haplotype diversity historical demography migration rate genetic differentiation

References (23)

  1. 1 Clustal W and Clustal X version 2.0 [DOI]
  2. 2 MEGA11: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Version 11 [DOI]
  3. 3 Arlequin suite ver 3.5: a new series of programs to perform population genetics analyses under Linux and Windows [DOI]
  4. 4 DnaSP v5: a software for comprehensive analysis of DNA polymorphism data [DOI]
  5. 5 Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. [DOI]
  6. 6 Statistical Tests of Neutrality of Mutations Against Population Growth, Hitchhiking and Background Selection [DOI]
  7. 7 Gene Flow and the Geographic Structure of Natural Populations [DOI]
  8. 8 THE INTERPRETATION OF POPULATION STRUCTURE BY F-STATISTICS WITH SPECIAL REGARD TO SYSTEMS OF MATING [DOI]
  9. 9 Introduction to Conservation Genetics [DOI]
  10. 10 Estimation of levels of gene flow from DNA sequence data. [DOI]
  11. 11 Mitochondrial DNA as a marker of molecular diversity: a reappraisal [DOI]
  12. 12 PHYLOGEOGRAPHY OF THE TRUMPETFISHES (AULOSTOMUS): RING SPECIES COMPLEX ON A GLOBAL SCALE [DOI]
  13. 13 The state of world highly migratory, straddling and other high seas fishery resources and associated species
  14. 14 Genetic structuring and migration patterns of Atlantic bigeye tuna, Thunnus obesus (Lowe, 1839) [DOI]
  15. 15 Mitochondrial DNA analysis reveals three stocks of yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre, 1788) in Indian waters [DOI]
  16. 16 Evidence for fine geographical scale heterogeneity in gene frequencies in yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) from the north Indian Ocean around Sri Lanka [DOI]
  17. 17 Genetic variation in skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis(L.) using PCR‐RFLP analysis of the mitochondrial DNA D‐loop region [DOI]
  18. 18 Genetic diversity and population structure of Terapon jarbua (Forskål, 1775) (Teleostei, Terapontidae) in Malaysian waters [DOI]
  19. 19 Population genetic structure and demographic history of the mudskipper Boleophthalmus pectinirostris on the northwestern pacific coast [DOI]
  20. 20 Recent population expansion of longtail tuna Thunnus tonggol (Bleeker, 1851) inferred from the mitochondrial DNA markers [DOI]
  21. 21 Genetic Multipartitions Based on D-Loop Sequences and Chromosomal Patterns in Brown Chromis, Chromis multilineata (Pomacentridae), in the Western Atlantic [DOI]
  22. 22 High genetic diversity and lack of pronounced population structure in five species of sympatric Pacific eels [DOI]
  23. 23 Genetic diversity of Gymnocypris chilianensis (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae) unveiled by the mitochondrial DNA D-loop region [DOI]

Cited by 2

The current population genetic status of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) along the Malagarasi River, Tanzania

Alex Nehemia, Tlehema Umbayda · Ecological Genetics and Genomics · 2024

Showing 1 of 2 known citations — external sources report more than can currently be individually listed.

Related research

Article metrics

Real usage data collected on this platform.

4

Page views

0

PDF downloads

0

Outbound clicks

2

Citations

Views over time

Views by country

Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".

Traffic sources

Referring site, by host.

Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.